In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. You must help all beings who are in need, who are in trouble.. Some are the perpetrators of violence, some are working to end violence and promote peace, many more are bystanders, who may build up cultural violence, cultural peace, or even both. %%EOF In this predominantly Buddhist country, Muslims are often discriminated against by the powerful nationalist movement that strives to protect Buddhist identity, thus creating a struggle for minority groups. WebCrime Statistics. However, while new census results are to be released in 2014, estimates indicate that roughly 89 percent of Myanmars population is Buddhist, and only 4 percent is Muslim. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/02/world/asia/rise-in-bigotry-fuels-mass. Data have been collected The Strategic Technologies and Cyber Security, Oman Library at the Middle East Institute, Earth Day: Environmental Opportunities and Challenges in the Middle East, Womens Reproductive Rights and Abortion in Morocco: Regulatory Reforms Should Not Miss the Bigger Picture, http://www.networkmyanmar.com/images/stories/PDF12/rohingya-origins-1-r, http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21582321-fuelled-dangerous-brew-fait, http://www.networkmyanmar.org/images/stories/PDF15/Leider-Note.pdf, http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?docid=3ae6b4f71b, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/02/world/asia/rise-in-bigotry-fuels-mass, http://www.theforeignreport.com/2013/07/01/burma-buddhism-and-the-rise-, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/SEA-01-180314.html, http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21565638-why-buddhists-and-muslims-r, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-03-01/an-myanmar-considers-law-restricting-interfaith-marriage/5292534, http://www.fortifyrights.org/downloads/Policies_of_Persecution_Feb_25_F, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf, http://www.rsis.edu.sg/publications/Perspective/RSIS2212013.pdf, http://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/handle/10220/8784/RSIS1312012.pdf?sequen, http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/burma0413webwcover_0.pdf, http://www.amnestyusa.org/news/press-releases/abuse-against-myanmar-s-r, Indonesia and the Middle East: Exploring Connections, Islam, Migrants and Multiculturalism: A Glance at Germany, Korea and Beyond, Sectarian Violence Involving Rohingya in Myanmar: Historical Roots and Modern Triggers. Myanmar has maintained steady growth over the past century despite its battles both in ending British rule and with the ongoing civil wars. [6] Yegar, Between Integration and Secession The Muslim Communities of the Southern Philippines, Southern Thailand, and Western Burma/ Myanmar (Maryland: Lexington Books, 2002), 37. However, the composition of the Rohingya community, which makes up about 5 percent of the population of approximately 60 million, is intricately linked to Burmas colonial past. Web As of 2019 the Yangon region was the most populous region in Myanmar with a population of over eight million. WebIn Christian-majority contexts like CAR, southern Nigeria, and coastal West Africa, religion plays a stronger role. Throughout the video, we will delve into the rituals, festivals, and ceremonies that are an integral part of Myanmar's religious traditions. Rising Burman-Buddhist ethno-nationalism, represented by Buddhist monks, has played a key role in the recent waves of inter-religious violence. hYrF}W[*^%S,VFU5SSN`$ 3snwHE5v^'o7GgX2#4a~' 188 (28 November, 2012), 2. 0000002503 00000 n Many of the ethnic minorities in Myanmar are Christian, such as the Chin, the Kachins, the Karen and the Naga. WebApproximately 6 percent are Christians, primarily Baptists, Roman Catholics, and Anglicans, along with several small Protestant denominations. Burmese Hindus are a mix of Bengalis, Tamils, Telegus, and Uttar Pradeshis who arrived in Burma under British colonialism. Web Religion in Myanmar Burma 1900 - 2100 Religious Population Growth Data Player Data Player 508K subscribers 39K views 1 year ago Statistics of major religion in. 0000006915 00000 n trailer 545 million or 545 crores read about list of countries in Asia by population Myanmar Demographics Religion in Myanmar. On the other hand, Christians, Muslims, Hindus and others are also practiced in [17] Rohingya must also seek official authorization to marry and to cross township borders, and they are barred from many areas of employment, including government jobs.[18]. 0000005198 00000 n Burma Religions - Demographics Burma Religions Factbook > Countries > Burma > Demographics Religions: Buddhist 87.9%, Christian 6.2%, Muslim 4.3%, Animist 0.8%, Hindu 0.5%, other 0.2%, none 0.1% (2014 est.) However, the BBC reports that not all countries give legitimacy to the change due to the fact that the change was brought by the unelected military regime. Prayer cards are formatted eight to a page. This article provides an analysis of the recent sectarian violence involving the minority Rohingya Muslim group in Myanmar (Burma) since June 2012. %%EOF Web Myanmar Population LIVE retrieving data. Myanmar's relatively slow population growth is predicted to continue on its current trajectory. 0000012575 00000 n These Buddhist monastics, and supportive lay people, have also organized to advocate for economic and legal oppression of Muslims. Others claim that their statements against Muslims never explicitly call for violenceeven if it causes itand thus any violence that occurs is not their responsibility. The current population of Myanmar in 2023 is. WebConsidered as the main religion, Buddhism (mostly Theravada Buddhism) makes up more. The official language used is Burmese, with some ethnic groups using their own languages. Matthew J. Walton and Susan Hayward, Contesting Buddhist Narratives: Democratization, Nationalism, and Communal Violence in Myanmar, (2014): 4-5. Al Jazeera English video on the exclusion of Muslims from Myanmars government (2015): CNN article and video on recent bouts of violence (2017): PBS NewsHour video on Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh (2017): BBC video on the alleged crimes against humanity in Myanmar (2017): Vox video on the history of violence against Rohingya (2017): The Guardian video interviewing Buddhist monks who disagree about the causes and solution to the violence (2017): BBC interviews with anti-Muslim Buddhist monks (2017): BBC video on the arrest of Reuters journalists reporting on the violence (2018): In what ways can Buddhism said to be internally diverse in light of the conflict in Myanmar? To date, Buddhist mobs have killed more than 200 Muslims, the majority of whom are Rohingya, and caused the displacement of more than 140,000.[9]. [26] Moreover, authorities do not sanction the police for their wrongdoings. Sometimes known as Burma, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar - which is often shortened to Myanmar, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia. Web As International Crisis Group ICG pointed out in a comprehensive report published on 10 March 2023 Myanmars Buddhist clergy has largely remained silent in. Buddhism in Burma is attached to theTheravadabranch which is the oldest and more conservative branch of Buddhism, following the Buddhas teachings, without modification. The groups listed below are not included in overall Joshua Project people group counts. Burmese Hindus are a mix of Bengalis, Tamils, Telegus, and Uttar Pradeshis who arrived in Burma under British colonialism. Copyright 2023 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Religion and Society Graduate Certificate (Harvard Extension School). [22] Eliane Coates, Buddhist Monks in Myanmar: Driving Religious Intolerance and Hindering Reform, RSIS Commentaries No. endstream endobj 95 0 obj <>stream In 1983, the fertility rate was 5 births per woman. w+|R6r5pRCyzh+xm6f{.xmpf2YZ|_pT~9dbb?f4 0vev4l,{w}?_3~`9'L;v:5mpZGjneS?J5TjyNCJ;]%S9tA]@%Pv/_zjJ Identify an example of structural violence in the case study. For a description of the Commissions composition, mandate, and methodology, see Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Final Report of Inquiry Commission on Sectarian Violence in Rakhine State (July 8, 2013), i-ii, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf . Only 2.3% of the GDP is spent in the healthcare sector, and this is likely related to the low physician and hospital bed density in the area. The name 969 is a numerological reference to the Buddha, his teachings, and his religious community. Racial riots ensued during the 1930s between the majority Burman Buddhist ethnic group and Muslim migrants of Indian descent, ultimately leading to the nationalist Doh Bama (We Burma) movement. The Inquiry Commission into sectarian violence in Rakhine State released in 2013 found that Rohingya living in rural areas could not speak any indigenous languages of Myanmar well . Ongoing repression of Rohingya is driven by Burman Buddhist fear of Islamic encroachment into Myanmar, as well as an ongoing belief that the Rohingya could potentially threaten Burmese sovereignty by further segregating Rakhine State. 0000010110 00000 n 0000010535 00000 n 26 43 Homicide rate; Number of homicides; Number of homicides by firearm; Homicides by firearm rate; Assault rate; Kidnapping rate; Robbery rate; Rape rate; Burglary rate; Private car theft rate; See more; Poverty. The analysis draws on the Centers wider body of research on global restrictions related to religion. [5] Imtiaz Ahmed, The Plight of the Stateless Rohingyas (Bangladesh: The University Press Limited, 2010). Web Religion in Myanmar is spread across Buddhist with 879 Christian 62 Muslim 43 Animist 08 Hindu 05 other 02 and none at 01 of the population. [3] Jacques P. Leider, Rohingya, Rakhaing and the Recent Outbreak of ViolenceA Note, Bulletin of the Burma Studies Group, 16 (2012), 8, http://www.networkmyanmar.org/images/stories/PDF15/Leider-Note.pdf. [13] Zarni Mann, Islamic Extremists Want My Downfall, Thats Why They Put Me On The Cover, The Irrawaddy (June 24, 2013). It's believed there are at least 300,000 refugees from Burma located along the Thai-Burma border, with many camps established in the 1980's. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. Since the opening of Myanmar in 2011, President Thein Sein has pursued broad economic and political reforms of policies created by former military leaders. 0000009664 00000 n Web The vast majority of the citizens of Myanmar a nation in southeast Asia are Theravada Buddhists. . MYANMAR RELIGIONS THE OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR RELIGION The main religions of the country are Buddhism (89.2%), Christianity (5.0%), Islam (3.8%), And what could be done to avert sectarian violence, to foster tolerance and peaceful coexistence, and to promote reconciliation? %PDF-1.6 % All rights reserved. About 87% of the population in Myanmar identify as Theravada Buddhists. 0000008087 00000 n WebThe majority of Myanmars population is rural, with the density of settlement in each region related to agricultural production, particularly of rice. Buddhist sermons regularly include Islamophobic messages such as unsubstantiated rumors of Muslim violence against Buddhists or Muslim plots to take over the country and destroy Buddhism. [3] The British also welcomed wealthy money lenders (chettyars) from South India to help administer colonial Burma. Some monasteries have organized humanitarian aid for Muslims who have been displaced by the violence. [15] Jane Perlez, Rise in Bigotry Fuels Massacre Inside Myanmar, International New York Times (March 1, 2014). They believe in a Theravadan Buddhist doctrine that states that only their intention affects their karma. While peace building is possible, many challenges remain. [21] Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Final Report of Inquiry Commission on Sectarian Violence in Rakhine State (July 8, 2013), 16, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf. endstream endobj startxref Web Christians in Myanmar are estimated to make up around 82 of the population roughly 55 Protestant 13 Roman Catholic and the remainder members of independent. Myanmar has 676,578 square kilometers of surface area available within its boundaries. Inflation Rate in Myanmar averaged 12.95 percent from 1998 until 2022, reaching an all time high of 54.02 percent in December of 2002 and a record low of -1.09 percent in December of 2011. Web The difference is that Myanmar or Burma as it was known [7] The law did not recognize the Rohingya as an ethnic group of Myanmar, stating that any ethnic group that settled in Myanmar after 1823 (the beginning of the First Anglo-Burmese War) was not entitled to citizenship. WebMyanmar, also known as Burma, is a country rich in history, culture, and traditions. Officially, 4% of the inhabitants of Myanmar are Muslim. Denise Cush, Catherine Robinson and Michael York (New York: Routledge, 2008), pp. H\0~ 0000004936 00000 n WebPew Forum on Religion & Public Life / Mapping the Global Muslim Population www.pewforum.org 39 Estimated Percentage Range of Shia by Country Afghanistan 10 0000038918 00000 n In other words, they believe that they have only done wrong if the result of their action is what they explicitly intended. A Rakhine state government spokesperson says the Rohingya are trying to Islamise [Buddhists] through their terrible birth rate, citing that Rohingya population growth is 10 times that of local Buddhists. Most Bamar, Shan, Mon, Rakhine, Karen, and many ethnic groups of Myanmar follow The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. [16] Reform Fails to Help Myanmars Rohingya, IISS Strategic Comments, Vol. 117 0 obj <>stream World Population Prospects (2022 Revision). RELIGION AND PUBLIC LIFE, Harvard Divinity School14 DivinityAvenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138. my.hds |Harvard Divinity School |Harvard University |Privacy | Accessibility | Digital Accessibility | Trademark Notice | Reporting Copyright InfringementCopyright 2023 President and Fellows of Harvard College. [14] Unforgiving History, The Economist (November 3, 2012), http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21565638-why-buddhists-and-muslims-r. Due to decades of heavy censorship, Myanmar continues to have a hyperactive rumor mill in which information from fellow community membersbe it online of face-to-faceis given preferential treatment to news originating from official media outlets. Sign up to receive the latest publications, event invitations, and our weekly newsletter delivered to your inbox. Web Myanmar Humanitarian Response Plan 2023 Response Plan Overview The Myanmar Humanitarian Response Plan requests US764 million to reach 45 million. endstream endobj 92 0 obj <> endobj 93 0 obj <> endobj 94 0 obj <>stream Click any point for a popup with further people group details. Islam (4%), Hinduism (1%), Christianity (7%) and animism (1%) are also practiced in the [11] Jamie Pinnock, Burma: Buddhism and the Rise of Burmese Militant Nationalism, The Foreign Report (July 1, 2013), http://www.theforeignreport.com/2013/07/01/burma-buddhism-and-the-rise-. Changing the pivot column will reset the column selection and sort order. Web Nearly 88 of Myanmars population identify themselves as Buddhist with other religious denominations such as Christians Muslims and Hindus making up the. xb```f``9 @16)LV20U`&x(<>UY&Qs6.Aau^kC: CB,E(32`[kP9#Lv 384:0ac,f8` .lez "l]2gr0i-Zp, The 2014 census noted that 88% were Buddhist, 6% were Christian, 4.3% were Muslim, 1% were Animist and 0.5% were Hindu. As much as 90% of the Burmese population practice Buddhism, making it the mainreligion in Myanmar. Buddhism does not have a creator god like other religions and it does not contain theories either. However, the role of Buddhism in this conflict is clearly no less complex. Interview with Aung San Suu Kyithe State Counselor of Burma, Nobel Peace Prize Winner, and a Theravada Buddhistwhere she responds to accusations of ethnic cleansing against Muslims in Myanmar: http://bit.ly/2sfZyDo. Ethnic minorities in the country prefer to be called ethnic nationalities to fight against the proliferation of the dominant Bamar people. During the Inquiry Commission,[20] some Rakhine Buddhists stated that they feared Rohingya could revive the same violent agenda as previous Mujahid rebels in Rakhine State.[21]. The population density overall is approximately 79 people per square kilometer. This violence has often been supported by factions within the Buddhist monastic community in Myanmar. RELIGION AND PUBLIC LIFE, Harvard Divinity School14 DivinityAvenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138. my.hds |Harvard Divinity School |Harvard University |Privacy | Accessibility | Digital Accessibility | Trademark Notice | Reporting Copyright InfringementCopyright 2023 President and Fellows of Harvard College. There is no doubt that during yourtrip to Myanmaryou will see plenty of Buddhist pagodas, a reminder of the importance ofreligion in Myanmar. [2] Fear of New Religious Strife, The Economist (July 27, 2013), http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21582321-fuelled-dangerous-brew-fait. Thus, the most populous regions are the Irrawaddy delta and the dry zone, and the highest densities are found in the upper delta, between Yangon and Hinthada (Henzada). Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. The Burma Citizenship Law was enacted in 1982. Burmah, as it was spelled in the 19th Century, is a local corruption of the word Myanmar", according to the same report above. Throughout the 20th century, British colonial policy regularly pitted these groups against each other, creating a violent legacy that continues to this day. Myanmar has a population of approximately 55.4 million in 2023. Children as a percentage of the population Myanmar 2013-2022. There is a significant correlation between ethnicity and religion. Human Rights Watch found that rather than protecting civilians at risk, Burmese police either stood by or actively engaged in and contributed to the unfolding violence. 0000000016 00000 n A city like Yangon can be proud of sheltering within it many religions and their monuments (mosques, cathedrals, pagodas, Sikh temples, Hindu temples and even a Synagogue!). The root causes of the recent waves of inter-religious violence involving Rohingya Muslims of Rakhine State are deep, complex and date back many centuries. There are people over age 18 in Myanmar. Inflation Rate in Myanmar is expected to be 1200 percent by the end of this. Indeed, the perception that foreigners ran much of Burmas finance and commerce was seen as unacceptable. [4] Moshe Yegar, Between Integration and Secession: The Muslim Communities of the Southern Philippines, Southern Thailand, and Western Burma/Myanmar (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2002), 103. 0000004016 00000 n The vast In 1989, an unelected military regime changed the name of Burma to Myanmar. Today, a segment of Burman Buddhist monks represented by Ashin Wirathu is re-igniting sentiments of intolerance and flaming lingering resentment toward Rohingya, preaching hateful rhetoric and sowing fear in the local Buddhist population in an attempt to change the ethnic demographics of Rakhine State. 68 0 obj <>stream [2] After the first of three Anglo-Burmese wars ended in 1826, Rakhine State was brought under British colonial administration, which had an open immigration policy that allowed an influx of Bengali Muslims into the newly colonized territory. [27] Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Final Report of Inquiry Commission on Sectarian Violence in Rakhine State (July 8, 2013), 48, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf. H\n0. Clicking Update will rewrite the URL in the address bar allowing you to bookmark this page. 0000001481 00000 n 0000004853 00000 n How does the situation in Myanmar make simplistic statements like these problematic? It was during an outing to the outside world that he witnessed illness and poverty for the first time. What cultural violence makes this structural violence seem acceptable? Cq B[=c+aS%}m)dwC 8Bc uUdwqji3px7F8|]#nI'4 xdMvB;^!'akBK}qN! While the recent inter-religious violence begun in mid-2012 with the rape and murder of a twenty-seven-year-old Buddhist seamstress Ma Thida Htwewhich sparked an eruption of Muslim-Buddhist tension and the displacement of 70,000 Rohingya[8]Buddhist-Muslim violence has since spread beyond Rakhine State to Central and Northern Myanmar in the cities of Meiktila and Lashio. 0000008816 00000 n With about four percent in Myanmars. Points are best estimates, but should not be taken as exact. He later said to a reporter: I was only doing it in accordance with Buddhas teachings. Althoughreligion in Myanmarcan be tense at times due to the friction between the different religious groups, in reality, it is a very peaceful country. The short form, which was asked of 80 percent of the total population, includes only seven basic questions: name, relationship to the head of the household, sex, age, marital status, race and religion. [18] Policies of Persecution Ending Abusive State Policies Against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, Fortify Rights (25 February 2014), http://www.fortifyrights.org/downloads/Policies_of_Persecution_Feb_25_F.
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